Campaigners demand 'cowboy clinics' doling out powerful puberty blockers to ... trends now

Private clinics treating transgender children must be banned after they were strongly criticised in a landmark medical review, campaigners have warned.

Ministers have pledged to 'look carefully' at a ban on private clinics after an independent report by expert paediatrician Dr Hilary Cass expressed concern over their behaviour.

Dr Cass's review found GPs were 'pressurised to prescribe hormones' by patients who had seen a private clinician.

The report, which ran to nearly 400 pages, issued a stern warning over 'the use of unregulated medications and of providers that are not regulated within the UK'.

And Dr Cass said GPs should resist attempts by private providers to prescribe puberty blockers or hormones, 'particularly if that private provider is acting outside NHS guidance'.

There was no good evidence to support the use of puberty blockers, with gender medicine 'built on shaky foundations', the review said.

Home Office minister Laura Farris said the Government was 'looking carefully' at the Cass review when asked whether it would legislate to ban people accessing prescriptions to gender-blocking drugs from private clinics and online.

She told Times Radio: 'We are absolutely clear that there should not be obtaining of any drugs that haven't been prescribed and she's given very strong conclusions on puberty blockers.

'So we will be looking carefully at what she said and acting accordingly.'

Campaigners said the 'cowboy clinics' must be closed and called on the Government to legislate against them.

Fiona McAnena, director of campaigns at charity Sex Matters, said: 'It's scandalous that rogue private "gender" clinics in the UK and abroad are still free to supply British children with off-label puberty blockers. 

'Worried parents have been misled by false claims about child suicide, so they think they have no choice but to allow their children to use these powerful drugs, for which there's zero evidence of benefit.

'Dr Hilary Cass has done everything she can to close this dangerous loophole, including by warning GPs not to get involved in shared care with private providers. 

'She also reminded pharmacists of their responsibility for the safety of patients and that they could be criminally liable if they fall short of professional standards.

'Dr Cass has done her best, but shutting down cowboy clinics is beyond the scope of her review. 

'Ministers must now act urgently, and prevent overseas and private clinics from prescribing these dangerous drugs to gender-distressed children.'

Dr Cass's comments have been seen as a warning shot to GenderGP, a private clinic which operates in the UK, but is based in Singapore.

Run by Dr Helen Webberley, the clinic has taken a defiant stance against NHS guidance and only days ago issued a statement denouncing the NHS's ban on puberty blockers.

A statement issued by GenderGP earlier this week read: 'The decision by NHS England to ban puberty blockers for trans adolescents is empirically unjustified, ethically unacceptable, and is based on assumptions that are inaccurate and unsupported.

'The systematic reviews by NICE which informed NHS England's decision not only fail to acknowledge several relevant studies, but also use an inappropriate evaluative framework that unduly minimises several important sources of evidence.'

Last month NHS England announced it was banning the routine prescription of puberty blockers to children, following the recommendations made in Cass's interim review.