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Teenagers who score one grade higher than their classmates across nine GCSE subjects are likely to earn up to £200,000 more in later life, research has found.
They can expect to gain 'significantly' higher wages across their careers.
The findings have established, for the first time, a link between attainment and lifetime earnings, said the Department for Education.
Statisticians and economists at the DfE tracked more than two million young people in England over a 12-year period.
They studied their GCSE grades between 2001/2 and 2004/5 as well as records from the Longitudinal Educational Outcomes dataset, which provides data on earnings.
Information from the UK Labour Force survey was used to predict salaries up to retirement age.
Teenagers who score one grade higher than their classmates across nine GCSE subjects are likely to earn up to £200,000 more in later life, research has found
Researchers estimated that the average GCSE pupil would go on to earn £1.3million in their life.